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The molecular epidemiological study of colistin-only-sensitive strains in multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

YANG Li, HAN Lizhong, SUN Jingyong, NI Yuxing, YU Yunsong

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 423-428 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0083-6

摘要： This paper reported the epidemiology of the colistin-only-sensitive (COS-AB) in a tertiary teaching hospital in China. We analyzed the clinical data of 136 COS-AB isolates from June 2004 to May 2005 and collected 66 . isolates in which 33 strains were COS-AB, and the rest were non-COS-AB. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis (primer ERIC2 and 272) showed that all COS-AB were identical, while pulsed-field gel electrophotesis (PFGE) analysis showed two separate genotypes of these COS-AB which were distinctly different from that of non-COS-AB. The COS-AB from burn wards showed the identical PFGE pattern which was distinguished from the genotype of COS-AB in other departments, mainly surgical systems. The cross-infection was severe and strict methods of disinfection and sterilization should be implemented. Meanwhile, the epidemiology of COS-AB in environment and patients should be closely monitored. The PFGE analysis is a reliable method of . typing.

关键词： identical     different     teaching hospital     genotype     colistin-only-sensitive    

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Qualitative analysis of direction of public hospital reforms in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 218-223 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0534-7

摘要：

Reforms in public hospitals are among the most important improvements in China’s health care system over the last two decades. However, the reforms that should be implemented in public hospitals are unclear. Thus, a feasible direction of reforms in Chinese public hospitals is suggested and reliable policy suggestions are provided for the government to reform public hospitals. The data used in this study were mainly derived from a qualitative study. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted in Shanghai, Guangdong, and Gansu between May and December 2014. Government funding accounted for approximately eight percent of the total annual revenue of public hospitals in China, and the insufficient government subsidy considerably affects the operation mechanism of public hospitals. However, solely increasing this subsidy cannot address the inappropriate incentives of public hospitals in China. The most crucial step in setting the direction of reforms in public hospitals in China is transforming inappropriate incentives by implementing a new evaluation index system for directors and physicians in public hospitals.

关键词： public hospital     government hospital     public funding     operation mechanism    

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Membrane bioreactors for hospital wastewater treatment: recent advancements in membranes and processes

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 634-660 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2107-1

摘要： Discharged hospital wastewater contains various pathogenic microorganisms, antibiotic groups, toxic organic compounds, radioactive elements, and ionic pollutants. These contaminants harm the environment and human health causing the spread of disease. Thus, effective treatment of hospital wastewater is an urgent task for sustainable development. Membranes, with controllable porous and nonporous structures, have been rapidly developed for molecular separations. In particular, membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology demonstrated high removal efficiency toward organic compounds and low waste sludge production. To further enhance the separation efficiency and achieve material recovery from hospital waste streams, novel concepts of MBRs and their applications are rapidly evolved through hybridizing novel membranes (non hydrophilic ultrafiltration/microfiltration) into the MBR units (hybrid MBRs) or the MBR as a pretreatment step and integrating other membrane processes as subsequent secondary purification step (integrated MBR-membrane systems). However, there is a lack of reviews on the latest advancement in MBR technologies for hospital wastewater treatment, and analysis on its major challenges and future trends. This review started with an overview of main pollutants in common hospital wastewater, followed by an understanding on the key performance indicators/criteria in MBR membranes (i.e., solute selectivity) and processes (e.g., fouling). Then, an in-depth analysis was provided into the recent development of hybrid MBR and integrated MBR-membrane system concepts, and applications correlated with wastewater sources, with a particular focus on hospital wastewaters. It is anticipated that this review will shed light on the knowledge gaps in the field, highlighting the potential contribution of hybrid MBRs and integrated MBR-membrane systems toward global epidemic prevention.

关键词： membrane technology     membrane bioreactor     hospital wastewater     hybrid MBR     integrated MBR-membrane system    

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What can be taught in architectural design? —

Xing RUAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 450-455 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0098-y

摘要： This essay begins with a reflection on what has been taught in architectural design since the turn of the twentieth century. I shall trace back to the two disciplinary foundations of the French école des Beaux-Arts – and – in the education of an architect in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. I shall then attempt to superimpose and on a modern disciplinary framework, say that of mathematics, which leads to musings on a series of architectural problems that include pattern versus type, stability versus mobility, orthogonal versus oblique, confinement versus transparency, and aging versus metallic sheen. These paradoxes, I suggest, demand the education of an architect to address both the instrumental pattern of a building configuration and the ambient felt qualities of a room, rather than vision alone.

关键词： architectural design     teaching     parti and poché    

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SinoSCORE: a logistically derived additive prediction model for post-coronary artery bypass grafting in-hospital

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 477-485 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0284-0

摘要：

This study aims to construct a logistically derived additive score for predicting in-hospital mortality risk in Chinese patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Data from 9839 consecutive CABG patients in 43 Chinese centers were collected between 2007 and 2008 from the Chinese Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Registry. This database was randomly divided into developmental and validation subsets (9:1). The data in the developmental dataset were used to develop the model using logistic regression. Calibration and discrimination characteristics were assessed using the validation dataset. Thresholds were defined for each model to distinguish different risk groups. After excluding 275 patients with incomplete information, the overall mortality rate of the remaining 9564 patients was 2.5%. The SinoSCORE model was constructed based on 11 variables: age, preoperative NYHA stage III or IV, chronic renal failure, extracardiac arteriopathy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, preoperative atrial fibrillation or flutter (within 2βweeks), left ventricular ejection fraction, other elective surgery, combined valve procedures, preoperative critical state, and BMI. In the developmental dataset, calibration using a Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) test was at =β0.44 and discrimination based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was 0.80. In the validation dataset, the HL test was at =β0.34 and the area under the ROC (AUC) was 0.78. A logistically derived additive model for predicting in-hospital mortality among Chinese patients undergoing CABG was developed based on the most up-to-date multi-center data from China.

关键词： coronary artery bypass grafting     risk stratification     in-hospital mortality    

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Removal efficiencies of natural and synthetic progesterones in hospital wastewater treated by different

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1558-z

摘要：

● The concentrations of 61 progesterones in HWW, PFTE, SBTE were evaluated.

关键词： Progesterones     Hospital wastewater     Primary filtration treatment effluent     Secondary biological treatment effluent     Disinfection process    

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Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1014-x

摘要： This cohort study was performed to explore the influence of intensive care unit (ICU) quality on in-hospital mortality of veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)-supported patients in China. The study involved all V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 of 1700 tertiary hospitals from 2017 to 2019, using data from the National Clinical Improvement System and China National Critical Care Quality Control Center. ICU quality was assessed by quality control indicators and capacity parameters. Among the 2563 V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 hospitals, a significant correlation was found between ECMO-related complications and prognosis. The reintubation rate within 48 hours after extubation and the total ICU mortality rate were independent risk factors for higher in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients (cutoff: 1.5% and 7.0%; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.48 and 1.04–1.45; odds ratios: 1.25 and 1.23; P = 0.012 and P = 0.015, respectively). Meanwhile, the V-V ECMO center volume was a protective factor (cutoff of ≥ 50 cases within the 3-year study period; 95% confidence interval: 0.57–0.83, odds ratio: 0.69, P = 0.0001). The subgroup analysis of 864 patients in 11 high-volume centers further strengthened these findings. Thus, ICU quality may play an important role in improving the prognosis of V-V ECMO-supported patients.

关键词： veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation     in-hospital mortality     high-volume centers     quality control     intensive care unit capacity parameters    

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Prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among public hospital employees in Shanghai, China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 100-107 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0372-9

摘要：

This study aims to explore the prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among hospital employees in Shanghai, China. A cross-sectional study of 4612 employees aged 19 to 68 years was conducted through stratified cluster sampling from different classes of Shanghai hospitals in 2011. The total physical activity was evaluated using the metabolic equivalent according to the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Among the participants, 38.5%, 32.3%, and 64.6% of the employees are inactive at work, commuting, and taking leisure time, respectively. Up to 41.8% of the men and 37.8% of the women (P = 0.012) are physically inactive. When the age and educational level are adjusted, male doctors and medical technicians show a higher percentage of physical inactivity than male workers in logistics (P = 0.001). Among females, employees who are working in second- and third-class hospitals show a higher proportion of physical inactivity than those who are working in community health care centers. Logistic regression analyses show that the odds ratios (ORs) of leisure-time physical inactivity associated with the intensity of physical activity at work are 2.259, 2.897, and 4.266 for men (P<0.001) and 2.456, 3.259, and 3.587 for women (P<0.001), respectively. The time during commuting activities is significantly associated with leisure-time physical inactivity in either sex (OR= 2.116 for men and 2.173 for women, P<0.001). Hospital employees, particularly doctors and medical technicians, show a higher proportion of physical inactivity than other inhabitants in Shanghai. The time and intensity of activity at work and commuting are associated with leisure-time activities.

关键词： prevalence     determination     employee     public hospital     cross-sectional study     physical inactivity    

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Investigating the impact of air pollution on AMI and COPD hospital admissions in the coastal city of

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1490-7

摘要：

• The impact of air pollution on AMI/COPD hospital admissions were examined.

关键词： AMI     COPD     Air pollution exposure     GAM    

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Assessment of leaching behavior and human bioaccessibility of rare earth elements in typical hospital

Chunfeng Wang, Guanfei Chen, Yanchen Zhu, Dan Yao, Wanfeng Wang, Lianjun Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0946-2

摘要： Leaching behavior and gastrointestinal bioaccessibility of rare earth elements (REEs) from hospital waste incineration (HWI) fly and bottom ash samples collected from Beijing and Nanjing Cities were assessed. In the same ash sample, the leaching concentrations of individual REEs determined by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) were higher than those detected by the European standard protocol (EN-type test), thereby suggesting that the low pH value of leaching solution was an important factor influencing the leachability of REE. The REE bioaccessibility results, which were evaluated using the physiologically based extraction test (PBET), indicated that REEs were highly absorbed during gastric phase by dissolution; and subsequently precipitated and/or re-adsorbed in small intestinal phase. The relative amounts of the total REEs extracted by the TCLP method, EN-type test and PBET test were compared. In addition to the pH value of extraction solutions, the chelating role of REEs with organic ligands used in the PBET method was also an important parameter affecting REE adsorption in human body. Additionally, this study showed that REEs were extracted by these methods as concomitants of heavy metals and anions (NO , F , SO , and Cl ) from HWI ash, which probably caused the remarkably complex toxicity on human body by the exposure pathway.

关键词： Assessment     Rare earth elements     Leaching behavior     Bioaccessibility     Hospital waste    

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follow-up after colorectal adenoma polypectomy is important: A multiple-center study in symptomatic hospital-based

Qin-Yan GAO, Hui-Min CHEN, Jing-Yuan FANG, Jian-Qiu SHENG, Ping ZHENG, Cheng-Gong YU, Bo JIANG,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 436-442 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0200-9

摘要： The recurrence of colorectal adenoma (CRA) is high. Although there are guidelines for colonoscopy surveillance after polypectomy in other countries, little is known about its recurrence rate and recurrence peak, especially in China. The aim of the present research is to investigate how long after polypectomy follow-up should take and to analyze risk factors of recurrence. 1208 patients who received polypectomies from five clinical research centers in four regions of China (Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing and Beijing) were included. They were divided into 4 groups: group A (follow-up≤1 year after polypectomy), group B (follow-up 2–3 years after polypectomy), group C (follow-up 4–5 years after polypectomy), and group D (follow-up>5 years after polypectomy). The sex, age, adenoma location, size, number, and pathological characteristics were compared. On the whole, the recurrence rate was 59.46% in group A, 61.09% in group B, 78.07% in group C, and 87.12% in group D, which indicated an increased tendency with a prolonged follow-up duration. There was a significant difference between group A and C or D, and between group B and C or D (<0.01), but there was no statistical difference between group A and B. Additionally, the recurrent patients in the first year had a recurrence rate of 97.33% in the first three years (59.46/61.09), which means that the peak of recurrence was almost entirely concentrated in the first year. The recurrence rate was higher in males and the elder. The risk factors included multiple numbers, villous feature, high-grade dysplasia of medium or smaller size and location in the distal colon. In conclusion, the peak of recurrence was almost totally concentrated in the first year; meanwhile, the first year follow-up is of critical importance in China. It may not be necessary to do the follow-up examination during the second and third years, but after three years, another colonoscopy should be undertaken.

关键词： colorectal adenoma     polypectomy     follow-up     recurrence     risk factor    

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activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical isolates from a hospital

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 517-521 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0480-9

摘要：

This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients (70.41%). The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment (neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B) and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.

关键词： antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance     Propionibacterium acnes     topical antibiotics     in vitro study    

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医院中子照射器建造

李义国,夏普,彭旦,邹淑芸,吴小波, 张金花,张永保,张紫竹,刘彤,周永茂

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第8期   页码 17-19

摘要：

医院中子照射器装置于2007年开始建造，2008年12月完成了反应堆厂房建造，2009年3月完成了相关系统的安装和调试。2009年12月7日首次达到临界，2010年1月22日达到满功率运行。物理调试结果表明，医院中子照射器反应堆最终后备反应性为4.2 mk，满功率最大可连续运行时间为12 h，功率波动小于0.3 %；4.2 mk反应性释放实验表明，反应堆在229 s时达到85.7 kW的最大峰值功率，随后，由于燃料元件多普勒效应和慢化剂的负温度效应会非能动地把功率限制在允许的安全水平之下，反应堆具有良好的固有安全特性。

关键词： 医院中子照射器     调试     物理启动    

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Organ function support in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Tongji experience

Xiaoning Wan, Wei Zhu, on behalf of Multidisciplinary Team for COVID-19, Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 232-248 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0774-9

摘要： Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease and a serious threat to human health. COVID-19 can cause multiple organ dysfunction, such as respiratory and circulatory failure, liver and kidney injury, gastrointestinal dysfunction, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and thromboembolism, and even death. The World Health Organization reports that the mortality rate of severe-type COVID-19 is over 50%. Currently, the number of severe cases worldwide has increased rapidly, but the experience in the treatment of infected patients is still limited. Given the lack of specific antiviral drugs, multi-organ function support treatment is important for patients with COVID-19. To improve the cure rate and reduce the mortality of patients with severe- and critical-type COVID-19, this paper summarizes the experience of organ function support in patients with severe- and critical-type COVID-19 in Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China. This paper systematically summarizes the procedures of functional support therapies for multiple organs and systems, including respiratory, circulatory, renal, gastrointestinal, hepatic, and hematological systems, among patients with severe- and critical-type COVID-19. This paper provides a clinical reference and a new strategy for the optimal treatment of COVID-19 worldwide.

关键词： COVID-19     severe and critical type     organ function support    

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Energy consumption and carbon emissions of hospitals in Tianjin

Chongxu JIANG, Jincheng XING, Jihong LING, Xiaona QIN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 427-435 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0199-5

摘要： An energy audit of 22 tertiary hospitals was conducted in Tianjin. The detailed content included design data, basic information, energy bills and equipment lists. It was shown that during the study, the energy intensity of hospitals in Tianjin was approximately stable and the average level of energy consumption was 348 kW·h/(m ·a). From the date collected, it was calculated that the energy intensity of general hospitals was 380 kW·h/(m ·a), and the average carbon emissions was 157 kgCO /(m ·a); While the energy intensity of specialized hospitals was 309 kW·h/(m ·a), and the average carbon emissions was 131 kgCO /(m ·a). By breaking the energy consumption down into several items, it was found that the heating system consumed the highest amount of energy (42.12%), followed by the cooling system (6.78%), the medical equipment (4.98%) and the lighting system (3.63%). The main factors that affect the hospital energy consumption were determined, and some feasible technology and management measures to save energy and reduce carbon emissions were proposed.

关键词： hospital building     energy consumption     carbon emissions     energy saving     emission reduction    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

The molecular epidemiological study of colistin-only-sensitive strains in multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

YANG Li, HAN Lizhong, SUN Jingyong, NI Yuxing, YU Yunsong

期刊论文

Qualitative analysis of direction of public hospital reforms in China

null

期刊论文

Membrane bioreactors for hospital wastewater treatment: recent advancements in membranes and processes

期刊论文

What can be taught in architectural design? —

Xing RUAN

期刊论文

SinoSCORE: a logistically derived additive prediction model for post-coronary artery bypass grafting in-hospital

null

期刊论文

Removal efficiencies of natural and synthetic progesterones in hospital wastewater treated by different

期刊论文

Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality

期刊论文

Prevalence and determinations of physical inactivity among public hospital employees in Shanghai, China

null

期刊论文

Investigating the impact of air pollution on AMI and COPD hospital admissions in the coastal city of

期刊论文

Assessment of leaching behavior and human bioaccessibility of rare earth elements in typical hospital

Chunfeng Wang, Guanfei Chen, Yanchen Zhu, Dan Yao, Wanfeng Wang, Lianjun Wang

期刊论文

follow-up after colorectal adenoma polypectomy is important: A multiple-center study in symptomatic hospital-based

Qin-Yan GAO, Hui-Min CHEN, Jing-Yuan FANG, Jian-Qiu SHENG, Ping ZHENG, Cheng-Gong YU, Bo JIANG,

期刊论文

activity of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes: an in vitro study of clinical isolates from a hospital

null

期刊论文

医院中子照射器建造

李义国,夏普,彭旦,邹淑芸,吴小波, 张金花,张永保,张紫竹,刘彤,周永茂

期刊论文

Organ function support in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: Tongji experience

Xiaoning Wan, Wei Zhu, on behalf of Multidisciplinary Team for COVID-19, Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital

期刊论文

Energy consumption and carbon emissions of hospitals in Tianjin

Chongxu JIANG, Jincheng XING, Jihong LING, Xiaona QIN

期刊论文